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http://ntcblog.blogspot.com/ , ntcgra@gmail.com Cali, Colombia.
http://ntcblog.blogspot.com/ , ntcgra@gmail.com Cali, Colombia.
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COMES FROM:
- THE SPECTATOR, Opinion 9 Jan 2011 - 1:00 am, http:/ / www.elespectador.com/impreso/columna-243926-naturaleza-crimen-y-castigo (Later Column by William Ospina (January 16, 2011) on this Abad)
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In recent weeks, looking askance and scowl, has been in the viewer an interesting debate between two valuable intellectual Colombians Alejandro Gaviria and William Ospina.
Other writers have got chance in the matter, but I will confine myself Gaviria Ospina and (the fire and ice) because their positions represent the two opposite ends, and lend themselves easily to make a caricature of antagonistic attitudes. If caricature is to simplify your ideas or to mock of their positions, but that will more clearly understand the debate.
The discrepancy starts from the same style, ie, from the rhetorical strategy of each. Ospina, poet, uses the sermon weapons lyrical and emotional appeals more to emotion than reason, the typical, in his case, is the anaphora (repeating the same words at the beginning of each sentence). Gaviria, technical, economic expert, use the scalpel cream of scientific knowledge, his favorite rhetorical figure is sarcasm, biting the mystics and the superstitious are magical and metaphysical grounds where so there is the brutal action of nature. The cause of the dispute is simple: whether it is winter disasters are the fault of man (society, government, technology arrogant and transplanted without destination from other latitudes, as he thinks Ospina) or an inevitable result of blind nature, as he thinks Gaviria.
worth hearing the arguments in their own words. I will not offend the reader's intelligence by telling who is who. It will be easy to recognize when they talk about our land and what we should do with it. One of them should do a tribute to nature, which is "an ode to the snowy mountains of the western wall of Tolima, a hymn to the waters by bringing down fertility to the valleys, song to the plains where rice crops glows and where to take shadow down the hawks and eagles, a hymn to the river despite the offerings that degrade our cities is taking fish and herons, canoes and music. " For the other, simply: "We suffered the worst downpours of the last forty years. We live in a country with a geography difficult, almost impossible. Settlements on mountain slopes and riverbanks are not new. Not going away. They are part of this country. " That may choose: the dreamy lyricism and cynicism of events beyond our control.
For William, we should recover the wisdom of our indigenous ancestors, who lived in idyllic harmony with nature, with the Pacha Mama, and for the same reason it does not beat them. To Gaviria, although not denying that corruption and poor policy decisions exacerbate environmental emergencies, the tragedy in Colombia is a natural calamity not guilty: it is Gaia that the gods come and send us the form watery punishment. This controversy, and these local positions, played a dispute planetary climate change is a natural cycle of the earth, or a sudden change prompted by the environmental damage caused by man.
worth
Here, finally, that I put my fair mask, to propose a third way somewhere between the two positions (or so lyrical and so many facts, say), and to use the rhetorical strategy of ironic balance. I will not. And not because I want to hide what everyone is or purports to be, but because someone else already did: Rodrigo Uprimny , heavily weighted in an article, laid a more sensible: "Environmental Justice and floods" * . Read it. Over this article, and no time to make another, I realize that on the same subject, and with better words, I had written during my vacation, Mauricio García : Economics and poetry " ( http://ntc-documentos.blogspot.com/2010_12_28_archive.html ) . I recommend it. -----
Other writers have got chance in the matter, but I will confine myself Gaviria Ospina and (the fire and ice) because their positions represent the two opposite ends, and lend themselves easily to make a caricature of antagonistic attitudes. If caricature is to simplify your ideas or to mock of their positions, but that will more clearly understand the debate.
The discrepancy starts from the same style, ie, from the rhetorical strategy of each. Ospina, poet, uses the sermon weapons lyrical and emotional appeals more to emotion than reason, the typical, in his case, is the anaphora (repeating the same words at the beginning of each sentence). Gaviria, technical, economic expert, use the scalpel cream of scientific knowledge, his favorite rhetorical figure is sarcasm, biting the mystics and the superstitious are magical and metaphysical grounds where so there is the brutal action of nature. The cause of the dispute is simple: whether it is winter disasters are the fault of man (society, government, technology arrogant and transplanted without destination from other latitudes, as he thinks Ospina) or an inevitable result of blind nature, as he thinks Gaviria.
worth hearing the arguments in their own words. I will not offend the reader's intelligence by telling who is who. It will be easy to recognize when they talk about our land and what we should do with it. One of them should do a tribute to nature, which is "an ode to the snowy mountains of the western wall of Tolima, a hymn to the waters by bringing down fertility to the valleys, song to the plains where rice crops glows and where to take shadow down the hawks and eagles, a hymn to the river despite the offerings that degrade our cities is taking fish and herons, canoes and music. " For the other, simply: "We suffered the worst downpours of the last forty years. We live in a country with a geography difficult, almost impossible. Settlements on mountain slopes and riverbanks are not new. Not going away. They are part of this country. " That may choose: the dreamy lyricism and cynicism of events beyond our control.
For William, we should recover the wisdom of our indigenous ancestors, who lived in idyllic harmony with nature, with the Pacha Mama, and for the same reason it does not beat them. To Gaviria, although not denying that corruption and poor policy decisions exacerbate environmental emergencies, the tragedy in Colombia is a natural calamity not guilty: it is Gaia that the gods come and send us the form watery punishment. This controversy, and these local positions, played a dispute planetary climate change is a natural cycle of the earth, or a sudden change prompted by the environmental damage caused by man.
worth
Here, finally, that I put my fair mask, to propose a third way somewhere between the two positions (or so lyrical and so many facts, say), and to use the rhetorical strategy of ironic balance. I will not. And not because I want to hide what everyone is or purports to be, but because someone else already did: Rodrigo Uprimny , heavily weighted in an article, laid a more sensible: "Environmental Justice and floods" * . Read it. Over this article, and no time to make another, I realize that on the same subject, and with better words, I had written during my vacation, Mauricio García : Economics and poetry " ( http://ntc-documentos.blogspot.com/2010_12_28_archive.html ) . I recommend it. -----
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* Environmental Justice and floods
By: Rodrigo Uprimny
THE SPECTATOR. Opinion December 20, 2010 - 9:58 pm http://www.elespectador.com/columna-241520-justicia-ambiental-e-inundaciones
Runaway THIS WINTER WILL NOT affect everyone equally. For some of us represents a slight discomfort.
By: Rodrigo Uprimny
THE SPECTATOR. Opinion December 20, 2010 - 9:58 pm http://www.elespectador.com/columna-241520-justicia-ambiental-e-inundaciones
Runaway THIS WINTER WILL NOT affect everyone equally. For some of us represents a slight discomfort.
But for millions of Colombians who were living in very precarious situations of poverty, floods have been a tragedy, since they seized the little they had.
rains have been so harsh social impact differently, they have not equally affected rich and poor, which is always fruitful to analyze these disasters in the light of the "environmental justice."
This vision was developed in the United States during the social struggles of the sixties against poverty and racial discrimination, when activists and some scholars have found that environmental degradation affects especially the poor and afros, who had little impact on policy decisions. In turn, other studies showed that the contamination arose especially the consumption patterns of middle and upper classes.
These findings are the basis of environmental justice, whose basic thesis is that environmental degradation and natural hazards are not neutral from the point of view of social justice. Environmental dynamics are unfair because the poor and disadvantaged who suffer most from pollution or disasters, while the middle and upper classes not only are often the most polluting, but have greater impact on policy decisions and better protection against disasters. To put a bit of propaganda, while the poor and disadvantaged who suffer most from environmental degradation and disasters, the rich are the largest polluters and those who end up deciding on environmental policies.
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The fundamental idea of \u200b\u200benvironmental justice is therefore not sufficient to achieve sustainable development and prevent natural disasters. These objectives are obviously far reaching. But it is also essential, when defining environmental policies incorporate criteria equity, so they are fairly distributed among all the benefits of sustainability and the mitigation of natural risks and burdens to achieve them. I also need to establish participatory mechanisms for potentially affected, ie the poor and disadvantaged, have a powerful voice in environmental decisions.
The fundamental idea of \u200b\u200benvironmental justice is therefore not sufficient to achieve sustainable development and prevent natural disasters. These objectives are obviously far reaching. But it is also essential, when defining environmental policies incorporate criteria equity, so they are fairly distributed among all the benefits of sustainability and the mitigation of natural risks and burdens to achieve them. I also need to establish participatory mechanisms for potentially affected, ie the poor and disadvantaged, have a powerful voice in environmental decisions.
. Winter
This tragedy is perhaps the worst natural disaster that Colombia has experienced. Although the number of fatalities has been, fortunately lower than in other disasters, such as the Armero, the overall impact is terrible. More than two million people, especially the poor, have been severely affected.
This tragedy is perhaps the worst natural disaster that Colombia has experienced. Although the number of fatalities has been, fortunately lower than in other disasters, such as the Armero, the overall impact is terrible. More than two million people, especially the poor, have been severely affected.
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Some might argue that this is excessive blame the consumerism of the rich by the floods. It is true that the causal link is not direct. But it appears that the unusual increase in rainfall from climate change. In any case, even against unforeseen natural disasters, like earthquakes, the vulnerability of the poor tends to be higher as the social dynamics have to live the most risky, sometimes even encouragement of local governments. For example, in Cordoba, it is known that flooded areas are those of the left bank of the Sinu River and this is where local governments have promoted the homes of the poor.
Some might argue that this is excessive blame the consumerism of the rich by the floods. It is true that the causal link is not direct. But it appears that the unusual increase in rainfall from climate change. In any case, even against unforeseen natural disasters, like earthquakes, the vulnerability of the poor tends to be higher as the social dynamics have to live the most risky, sometimes even encouragement of local governments. For example, in Cordoba, it is known that flooded areas are those of the left bank of the Sinu River and this is where local governments have promoted the homes of the poor.
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crises and disasters are always painful, but may also be opportunities. This tragedy winter would then be an opportunity to reverse our terrible environmental injustice and even to rethink certain economic strategies. Can we get into the mining locomotive without thinking of its possible environmental injustice?
crises and disasters are always painful, but may also be opportunities. This tragedy winter would then be an opportunity to reverse our terrible environmental injustice and even to rethink certain economic strategies. Can we get into the mining locomotive without thinking of its possible environmental injustice?
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* Director of the Center for "DeJuSticia ( http://www.dejusticia.org/ ) and National University professor. ++++++
* Director of the Center for "DeJuSticia ( http://www.dejusticia.org/ ) and National University professor. ++++++
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El Espectador. Com Opinion 9 Jan 2011 - 1:00 am
http://www.elespectador.com/impreso/columna-243910-bandadas-y-el magnetic-pole-Printed Jan. 9.
http://www.elespectador.com/impreso/columna-243910-bandadas-y-el magnetic-pole-Printed Jan. 9.
the 5,000 red-winged Oriole SERGEANT that rained on Arkansas, 500 Louisiana blackbirds and starlings, jackdaws Falköping the 100 in Sweden, the dozens of unidentified birds of Kentucky, dozens of birds pechiamarillos of Chihuahua, 10,000 wild birds in Manitoba, 8,000 pigeons in Italy ... are a fact of death of winter flocks in times of exceptionally warned and reported by the media this year, or is the emergence of an unexpected, unsettling and unknown?
And if we add the 100,000 dead in Arkansas drum fish, millions of dead minnows of Maryland, thousands of dead fish from Florida, one hundred tons of fish of Brazil, hundreds of snappers New Zealand, and 40,000 crabs in Great Britain, all in the span of less than two weeks ... we have a series of natural accidents caused by cold, and want some, by tornadoes, how they want others, fireworks the end of the year, as claimed by others?
The truth is that something is happening, and in a few days we will know if this is a series of random events or a transcendent fact of planetary proportions. For now has begun the onslaught of rumors and speculation. "Before they began to drop dead a loud noise was heard, witnesses said Beebe, Arkansas, after the rain of jays, at midnight on New Year's Eve. "There were dozens of dead birds in my yard for several days," said a woman from Kentucky, but only dared to tell when he discovered what was happening elsewhere. Rain Bird of Chihuahua had occurred on December 22 but only began to be alarming after episodes earlier this year.
State agencies have been quick to reassure the public with the case less reassuring. To say that birds are nervous and that stress can lead to death from Genesis would require flocks of birds are dropping dead everywhere, and there appears to be the case. Acknowledge the fact the fireworks of Arkansas fails to explain almost all other phenomena. Speaking of thunderstorms and tornadoes, pollution, high altitude hailstorms like the one in 1973 killed hundreds of ducks in Stuttgart, guiltily ignores many facts have been reported in the southern hemisphere, and that at this time also include fish and crabs.
The 17 autopsies of birds made in Arkansas reveal severe trauma and internal bleeding, but no way of knowing if these abnormalities were the cause of the fall or resulted from it. Previous episodes also serve who only wants to reassure, and Mexico has brought to mind two: the death of 25,000 migratory birds at Silva Reservoir, in the municipality of San Francisco del Rincon, in 1994, and the death of 12,800 birds at Coyote Dam, not far from there in 2004.
Needless to say, the film Birds Hitchcock has become an object of curiosity for Internet addicts, and to witness its final scenes, with a history of recent events, is truly impressive. But mankind loves intrigue, and yesterday he was no longer linking episodes of dead birds to an alleged conspiracy plot involving the development of an American chemical weapon, the war in Afghanistan, killing four days of military advisor John Wheeler , and release into the atmosphere of a substance called phosgene.
For me it is essential to note that so far spoken of the death of entire flocks in flight. There is no evidence that birds isolated are dying. Someone mentioned the possibility that the flocks are misleading their way or lose their ability to steer, and sometimes collide with each other, or to turn away from unwanted areas. Pigeons killed in Italy were the blue peaks and that seems to show that they have erred and traced to regions where the atmosphere lacked oxygen.
And one of the most disturbing explanation has to do with changing the Earth's magnetic pole, which according to some are moving and as others are being reversed. It is possible that this change is influencing the loss of flocks of birds and could also explain the death of the schools and accidents of fish stocks.
Some people think we're in the prelude to the doomsday of 2012. But all that belongs to the realm of speculation. The only certainty is that in this case the death of the birds we have not heard everything. And perhaps most importantly we were not disclosed. -----
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Any controversy?
By: William Ospina
El Espectador, 16 Jan 2011 - 1:00 am http://www.elespectador.com/impreso/columna-245064-una-polemica
Any controversy?
By: William Ospina
El Espectador, 16 Jan 2011 - 1:00 am http://www.elespectador.com/impreso/columna-245064-una-polemica
in our country we so little accustomed to dialogue, that whatever we call it a controversy.
In recent days I hear that Alejandro Gaviria and I are locked in a controversy, just because one day I spoke of the ravages of winter and added, as a vague premonition that perhaps Alexander would not agree with my opinions. It happened the same day that Alexander wrote on the subject in the sense that I had anticipated.
We have not reached a controversial, only express, for once, and without insistence, our disagreement. But some friends have raw on the subject, and it is they who truly try to give some flavor of controversy to what initially was not intended to be. Alas, the controversy seems to real, have seen fit, and not all, of course, summarize our positions, thus achieving not only the arguments but very different result issuers and picturesque. Hector Abad, a great writer and a great friend, for example, has decided to resort to caricature.
The truth is that there is still so controversial. In a separate column talked about the disaster of Armero and cultural appropriateness in terms of paying tribute to the victims and the nature in which turned this tragedy. Do not know why Hector mix and confuse the two columns and decide that my recommendation to deal with disasters of this nature is recommended tribute to commemorate the tragedy of Armero.
I think it's nothing like the knowledge of the world we live will help us to anticipate natural disasters and to respond appropriately to its challenges. Pretend that this tribute to which I refer is my recommendation to address the problems of winter is to reduce the argument to absurdity.
When I spoke of the complex system of channels Zenúes said only that people had technical knowledge and developed large hydraulic solutions, and our national culture even that has been achieved. I know it's in bad taste quoted, but I am compelled to do so. The Zenúes, said, "and knew a thousand years ago to control flooding regime and use it to convert the floodplain areas of cultivation. Five hundred thousand hectares of channels are an extraordinary testimony of hydraulic civilization, without any of the technical resources of the modern world, they created this marvel of engineering that still survives, even as a vestige of a culture issue .... " Hector
that argument becomes this: "to William should recover the wisdom of our indigenous ancestors, who lived in harmony with nature idyll, with the Pacha Mama, and for the same reason it does not beat them. "
Where do you, Hector, that harmonic romance with nature, the Pacha Mama of which I have not spoken, and why I choose to think that nature, like a lady full of good will, for that why not beat them? No you're doing your readers a favor simplifying my arguments. And to think that at first said no caricatured us to simplify our ideas but to be understood more clearly the debate. I think
pay tribute to nature is not to sit to pray: it is studying, is known, is respected, no predators, not pollute, do not raze the forests, and, of course, recognized in our literature, our music, our arts. Pretend that my prescription to face the winter comes down to do a song to the walls of the mountains and that Alexander is resigned to the fury of nature, just to reduce the arguments and make the alleged controversy nonsense.
At another point in my text said it was convenient: "think of the enormous need for applied knowledge that these lands are ours to make prosperity the inexhaustible treasure of water ...." I do not know why that means that my language uses "weapons emotional sermon lyrical and appeals more to emotion than reason. "
In this case, and that does not diminish at all the affection I feel for him, Hector is not fair to my arguments, I translated into your own code and how readers a false idea of \u200b\u200bwhat I said. I have not said much, but if anyone is interested in knowing what I think, would advise you not believe in the version of Hector, and rather read my column.
I will not distrust the intelligence of readers. Nor have I played, play, to tell you how he thinks, pretending that I do for you to understand more clearly. ---
Account Receivable
By: Heriberto Fiorillo
Weather. Com January 16, 2011. Http://www.eltiempo.com/opinion/columnistas/heribertofiorillo/cuenta-por-cobrar_8786672-4 Printed 17 January.
By: Heriberto Fiorillo
Weather. Com January 16, 2011. Http://www.eltiempo.com/opinion/columnistas/heribertofiorillo/cuenta-por-cobrar_8786672-4 Printed 17 January.
appreciate the "topación" and referral to Germain Patiño who sent us the following note: "Why universities can not rely on their academic development of links with private enterprise? This question generates an interesting debate. Fiorillo's column is a good example of why that is evil. "
How to pay the operators of coal for environmental damage left?
What price we pay for our coal resources to deliver and enjoy your earnings? Environmental legislation has been almost non-existent in Colombia against the urge to sell all the coal, before the postmodern world lost interest in him. The ideal coexistence of coal mining and tourism development has not proven viable, judging from the environmental cost of the operations of the company Drummond both in the Magdalena and Cesar.
Drummond is selling the business in Colombia. The U.S. multinational would be asking between 8 and 10,000 million dollars by total assets, with clear intentions to leave quickly from here.
Why go now a country that has given in concession, only Cesar, an area of \u200b\u200b47,000 hectares of farm-size one-third of Bogotá, where there are 1,700 million tonnes in coal reserves, something that would ensure 60 years of incalculable enrichment?
Four companies have expressed interest in buying, but are evaluating the status of all operations, especially environmental damage. Some claim that exceeds the sum proposed by Drummond in the sale.
Are we going to stop selling and go just like that?
I wonder if the Colombian government a measure of the damage caused by mineral dust Drummond barges released every day on the sea and the beaches between Santa Marta and Cienaga and the thousands and thousands of tons of ore , driven by winter storms, thrown into the seabed, destroying it every vestige of life.
The Drummond annually draws thousands of millions of dollars in high-quality Colombian coal. The company's profits are enhanced by benefits tax as a refund of VAT and income tax. Is also exempt from tax on industry and trade and property tax on nearly 20,000 acres, in exchange for 10 percent of royalties to the mouth of mine for our country. Bad royalties settled, as evidenced by a fine of $ 48 million, paid a couple of years.
The Drummond often violate their security protocols and social responsibility in Colombia. Three leaders of their union were murdered six years ago under conditions yet to be explained. The company has faced three strikes and insecurity due to frequent industrial accidents, injuries and illnesses, job stability and lack of social investment in compensation for damage inflicted on people in the area where the mine is built, or who live along the corridor all coal. There have been several civic strikes in protest at the presence of chronic obstructive pulmonary disease, especially among children and the elderly. Now the country knows Asotred (Sick Workers Association in Drummond), which bring together since 2008 to 599 health workers involved in the mine of this entity.
is necessary, we repeat here that the Government abandon its attitude kneeling in front of the offer and the behavior of multinationals. It is necessary that requires them and help them minimize the damage social and environmental impacts of their operations. It is your duty to defend the rights of citizens, taking care of the national heritage and predict the consequences of the activities that may impact the daily lives of their communities.
The Constitution also supports many forms of citizen participation, to demand information, explanation, justification and legitimacy of the processes and methods used in the exploitation of our natural resources. -----
CONTINUED ...
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